سوء استفاده از فرآیند کیفری (مطالعۀ تطبیقی حقوق ایران و رویۀ قضائی دیوان اروپایی حقوق بشر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرم‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق کیفری و جرم‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران،

چکیده

آیین‌دادرسی‌کیفری افزون بر اینکه تنظیم‌کنندۀ روابط اشخاص با یکدیگر است؛ سامان‌دهیِ روابط دولت با نهادهای زیرمجموعۀ خود، از یک‌سو و کنترل بی‌رویۀ قدرت، مبتنی بر حکمت، تدبیر، درایت و عقلانیت را ازسوی دیگر، برعهده دارد. با وجود سازوکارهای قابل توجهی همچون نظارت‌های قضائی و شهروندی، پیش‌بینی مسئولیت‌های مدنی و کیفری و... که قوانین آیین‌دادرسی‌کیفری برای مهار قدرت‌طلبیِ دولت‌ها خصوصاً کارگزاران نظام عدالت کیفری پیش‌بینی کرده‌اند؛ اما، همواره بارقه‌هایی از پدیدۀ سوء استفاده از فرآیند کیفری مشاهده می‌شود. فرآیندی که وظیفه دارد مقررات و قواعد آیین دادرسی کیفری را به‌صورت یکپارچه، منسجم و سازمان‌دهی شده اجرا کند تا اهداف واقعیِ عدالت که همانا برقراریِ نظم، امنیت، برابری، شفافیت و... است، به‌منصۀ ظهور برسند. بدین‌سان، این مقاله ازگذر مطالعه‌ای تطبیقی میان حقوق ایران و رویۀ قضائی دیوان‌اروپایی‌حقوق‌بشر درصدد است تا از یک‌سو، علل و عوامل ظهور این پدیده و از سوی دیگر، مصادیقی که از آن متبلور می‌شود را مورد بررسی قرار داده و به این برآیند برسد که میزان رعایت حقوق و آزادی‌های فردی تا چه اندازه مورد سنجه قرار می‌گیرد و نظام‌های مورد مطالعه چگونه توازن میان قدرت و امنیت با حقوق و آزادی‌های فردی شهروندان را مورد تکریم و ارج می‌نهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Abuse of the Criminal Process (A Comparative Study of Iranian Law and the Judicial Practice of the European Court of Human Rights)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rajab Goldoust Jouybari 1
  • Seyed Poria Mousavi 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD Student in Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In addition to regulating the relations of individuals with each other, the criminal procedure is responsible for organizing the relations of the state with its subordinate institutions, on the one hand, and controlling excessive power, based on wisdom, prudence, tact and rationality, on the other. Despite significant mechanisms such as judicial and citizen supervision, the prediction of civil and criminal responsibilities, etc., which the criminal procedure laws have foreseen to control the power-seeking of governments, especially the agents of the criminal justice system; however, flashes of the phenomenon of abuse of the criminal procedure are always observed. A process that is responsible for implementing the rules and regulations of the criminal procedure in an integrated, coherent and organized manner so that the real goals of justice, which are the establishment of order, security, equality, transparency, etc., can emerge.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • court judge
  • criminal process
  • defense law
  • judicial practice
  • Judicial security

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پژوهشنامه حقوق کیفری
دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 32
مقالات
آذر 1404
صفحه 151-162

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