نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران، ایران.
2 استاد، گروه حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Domestic criminal policy lacks adequate provisions to make full use of the distinct potential of criminal fines for legal entities. Conversely, the United States Federal criminal justice system—as a utilitarian legal framework evaluating laws by their practical functions—defines the fine commensurate with pecuniary loss, gain, or offense severity. Even for crimes devoid of financial impact, it establishes a “Base Fine” proportional to the level of reprehensibility. Through innovative statutory adjustments known as “Culpability Scores,” the Base Fine is converted into a narrow range tailored to the corporate offender’s character, representing a transition from strict liability and fixed penalties to a graded and dynamic liability approach. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical method and examining the US Federal Sentencing Guidelines to remedy domestic deficiencies regarding fine determination for legal entities, this research proposes an amendment to Article 21 of the Islamic Penal Code to the legislature.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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