نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی دانشکده علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره) قزوین، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Accountability of public officials and citizens for committed offenses constitutes a fundamental pillar of democratic legal systems. Deprivation of social and political rights as a special sanction serves as a key instrument for ensuring such accountability. In European jurisdictions, beyond conventional criminal and administrative penalties such as imprisonment and fines, specialized sanctions are provided, including disqualification from public office, ineligibility to stand for election, deprivation of the right to vote, and permanent or temporary bans from re-entering electoral processes. These measures—applied to both administrative functions (day-to-day executive duties) and sovereign functions (high-level political decision-making)—pursue primarily preventive and democracy-protecting objectives. In contrast, the Iranian legal system predominantly relies on criminal and administrative sanctions such as disqualification from public service and ineligibility for candidacy, with a primary focus on offenses related to administrative functions. Offenses arising from the exercise of sovereign authority receive significantly less attention and lack specific sanctions. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, this study conducts a comparative examination of the Iranian legal framework and leading European systems. Findings indicate that adopting certain European models—temporary deprivation of electoral rights, independent oversight mechanisms, and a clearer distinction between administrative and criminal sanctions—could substantially enhance political accountability within Iran’s governance structure.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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