احراز رشد و تعیین کیفر در ماده 91 قانون مجازات اسلامی؛ مطالعه موردی پرونده‌های دادگستری تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران.

2 دکتری حقوق کیفری و جرم‌شناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

ماده 91 قانون مجازات اسلامی با توجه به ویژگی‌های روان‌شناختی نوجوانان و عدم اعمال مسئولیت کیفری جهشی در جرایم مستوحب حد و قصاص، تدبیر ارزشمندی پیش‌بینی کرده است. ارجاع کیفر در ماده 91 به مواد قانونی فصل دهم قانون مجازات اسلامی در صورت وجود یکی از شرایط مذکور در این ماده دارای ابهام است و سبب تشتّت رویه شده است. در رویه قضائی تفسیرهای متفاوت و بعضاً متعارض در بحث احراز رشد وجود دارد و عدم امکان تطبیق مجازات‌های حد و قصاص با مواد 88 و 89 چالش برانگیز است. نامعین بودن ضابطه احراز رشد و کیفرگزینی در برخی پرونده‌ها موجب تضییع حقوق نوجوان شده است که این امر با هدف اولیه این ماده در تعارض است. در این نوشتار با روش تحلیلی-توصیفی و با استناد به آرای قضایی دادگستری شهر تهران، رویه قضایی حاکم بر احراز رشد و تعیین کیفر در ماده 91 مورد واکاوی قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Achieving Maturity and Determining Punishment in Article 91 of the Islamic Penal Code: A Case Study of Tehran Judiciary Cases

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Soheilmoghadam 1
  • Amir Hossein Bahiraee 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD in Criminal Law and Criminology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Article 91 of the Islamic Penal Code, in line with attention to the psychological characteristics of juveniles and avoiding strict criminal responsibility in crimes punishable by Hadd and Qisas, has introduced a valuable legal provision. However, referring the punishment in Article 91 to the legal provisions of Chapter 10 of the Islamic Penal Code—when one of the conditions mentioned in this article is met—has created ambiguity and led to inconsistent judicial practices. In judicial practice, not only are there different and sometimes conflicting interpretations regarding the determination of maturity , but the impossibility of applying Hadd and Qisas punishments in accordance with Articles 88 and 89 of the Islamic Penal Code is also challenging. The lack of clear criteria for determining maturity and sentencing has resulted in the violation of juveniles' rights in some cases, which contradicts the original purpose of this article. This study, using an analytical-descriptive method and relying on judicial rulings collected from Tehran courts, examines the prevailing judicial approach regarding the determination of maturity and sentencing under Article 91.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Inconsistent rulings
  • crimes punishable by Hadd
  • crimes punishable by Qisas
  • lack of mental maturity and intellectual development
  • judicial sentencing

مراجع

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پژوهشنامه حقوق کیفری
دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 32
مقالات
آذر 1404
صفحه 71-85

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