The Diyyah for Injuries Inflicted on a Partially Paralyzed Organ: A Critique of Article 564 of the Islamic Penal Code (2013)

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.

Abstract

Paralysis of body organs is among the types of physical injuries addressed in the Islamic Penal Code, both within the general rules of *Diyyah* (blood money) and the specific provisions concerning individual organs. However, the legislator has primarily focused on complete paralysis, while only determining the amount of *Diyyah* for partial paralysis without clarifying its related legal consequences. Using a descriptive–analytical method and library-based data, this study examines the jurisprudential basis for calculating *Diyyah* in cases involving partially paralyzed organs. The findings indicate that if the jurisprudential approach is based on “Arsh,” the paralyzed organ is treated as sound, and any subsequent injury is compensated according to the full *Diyyah* of a healthy organ. Conversely, if the “Relative Fixed Diyyah” view is adopted, other injuries are calculated proportionally. Considering Islamic jurisprudence, the principle of proportionality, and criminal justice, the latter view provides greater coherence and legislative efficiency, warranting reconsideration of Article 564 of the Penal Code.

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Main Subjects

Criminal Law Research

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 19 February 2026

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