Aminsarmi, N. (2001). Social Deviations and Countercultures. Tehran: University of Law Enforcement Sciences, First Edition. (In Persian)
Bahmani, B., Javadi, M. H., Khalilzadeh, N., & Mehraban, S. (2018). The effectiveness of training resiliency skills on soldiers’ mental health.
Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 5(4), 78–86. (In Persian) URL:
http://shenakht.muk.ac.ir/article-1-291-fa.html
Bahrami, M. (2021). Causes and key underlying factors in self-harm among military personnel. Judicial Law Research, 2(3), 469–486. (In Persian)
Farahi Bozanjani, B., Hasan Beigi, M., & Hoshangi, M. (2009). A study of behavioral problems among conscripted personnel in a military unit. Research in Human Resource Management, 1(3), 101–125. (In Persian)
Friedman, M. J., Schnurr, P. P., & McDonagh-Coyle, A. (1994). Post-traumatic stress disorder in the military veteran. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 17(2), 265–277.
Griffith, J. (2012). Suicide and war: The mediating effects of negative mood, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and social support among Army National Guard soldiers.
Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 42(4), 453–469.
DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.2012.00104.x
Hosseini, S. M., & Motavallizade Naeini, N. (2012). A study of labeling theory with a perspective from Islamic sources.
Studies in Private Law, 42(4), 117–136. (In Persian)
DOI:10.22059/jlq.2013.31997
Huang, Z., Zhang, L., Wang, J., Xu, L., Liu, Z., Wang, T., Guo, M., Xu, X., & Lu, H. (2021). Social support and subjective well-being among postgraduate medical students: The mediating role of anxiety and the moderating role of alcohol and tobacco use.
Heliyon, 7(12), e08621.
DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08621
Iranian Students' News Agency (ISNA) (May 19, 2016), "Preserving the Dignity and Honoring the Youth in Military Service is Among the Emphases of the Supreme Leader," Date Retrieved: 01/02/2025. (In Persian)
https://www.isna.ir/news.
Jalali, H., Saadati, M., Abbasi, K., & Sartavi, M. (2016). Study of mental health status of soldiers in a military training center at the north of the country from 1390 to 1394 using the General Health Questionnaire.
NPWJM, 4(10 and 11), 11–18. (In Persian) URL:
http://npwjm.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-289-fa.html
Kaveh, M. (2012). Social Disease Pathology, Volume 1. Tehran: Sociologists Publications, First Edition. (In Persian)
Mahdavi Damghani, S., Javan Jafari, A., & Sadati, S. M. (2023). Investigation of subculture of violence among juvenile and young wrestlers based on the concept of cultural displacement (A case study of Mashhad).
Criminal Law Research, 14(27), 249–277.
DOI:10.22124/jol.2023.22713.2312
Mesgar, A. A., & Taheri, M. R. (2014). The role of external organizational factors in self-harm and suicide among conscripts in units of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. Military Science and Technology, 10(27), 67–89. (In Persian)
Nayebi, H., Moeidfar, S., Serajzadeh, S. H., & Faizi, I. (2017). Anomie Theory of Durkheim and Merton: Similarities, Differences, and Methods of Measurement.
Refahj, 17(66), 9–52. (In Persian) URL:
http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-3023-fa.html
Nematzahi, M., Parsaeimehr, Z., Roshanzadeh, M., Jamali Nik, M., Hashemi Nik, M., & Tajabadi, A. (2022). Mental health status and influencing factors among Iranian soldiers: A systematic review.
Military Medicine, 22(9), 885–895. (In Persian)
DOI:10.30491/JMM.22.9.3
Russell, D. W., Benedek, D. M., Naifeh, J. A., Fullerton, C. S., Benevides, N. M., Ursano, R. J., & Forsten, R. D. (2016). Social support and mental health outcomes among U.S. Army Special Operations personnel.
Military Psychology, 28(6), 361–375.
DOI:10.1177/0095327X231182907
Salimi Bajestani, H., Mohamadi Jalali Farahani, M., Delavar, A., Farahbakhsh, K., & Motamedi, A. (2017). Factors affecting student behavioral disorders: A qualitative study.
Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies, 7, 76–76. (In Persian) URL:
http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-851-fa.html
Sarhangzadeh, M., & Zoroofi, M. (2015). Investigating factors related to behavioral anomalies among students in the city of Harris. Sociological Studies, 6(22), 107–91. (In Persian)
Schmitz, K. J., Schmied, E. A., Webb-Murphy, J. A., Hammer, P. S., Larson, G. E., Conway, T. L., Galarneau, M. R., & Johnson, D. C. (2012). Psychiatric diagnoses and treatment of U.S. military personnel while deployed to Iraq.
Military Medicine, 177(4), 380–389.
DOI:10.7205/milmed-d-11-00294
Sedigh Sarvestani, R. (2009). Social Pathology. Tehran: Samt Publications, Fifth Edition. (In Persian)
Seyedi, S. M. R., Seyedi, S. H., & Salavatian, S. (2016). An empirical study of military service challenges from the perspective of soldiers with graduate degrees.
Strategic Studies on Social Issues, 5(3), 67–86. (In Persian)
DOI:10.22108/ssoss.2016.20962
Shams, S., Amoozadeh, M., Zeynivand Moghadam, H., & Gholami, B. (2013). Investigating factors affecting the tendency toward cultural deviance among male and female students. Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, 4(13), 101–122. (In Persian)
Sims, C. S., Trail, T. E., Chen, E., Meza, E., Roshan, P., & Lachman, B. E. (2018). Assessing the needs of soldiers and their families at the garrison level. RAND Corporation.
Soltani, M., Azgoli, M., & Ahmadnia Alashti, S. (2016). An introduction to the critique of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Organizational Behavior Studies, 5(1), 148–177. (In Persian)
Welsh, B., & Farrington, D. (2015). Oxford Encyclopedia of Crime Prevention. Translated by a group of criminal law and criminology researchers. Tehran: Mizan Publishing, First Edition. (In Persian)
White, R., & Haines, F. (2019). Crime and Criminology. Translated by Ali Salimi. Qom: Seminary and University Publications, Ninth Edition. (In Persian)