تمییز شناختی خیانت در امانت کیفری و مدنی در پرتو استقلال حقوق مالی جنایی و حقوق مالی مدنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

جرم خیانت در امانت از جرایمی است که با حقوق مدنی ارتباط تنگاتنگ و نزدیکی دارد. این امر علاوه بر ارتباط کلی میان جرایم علیه اموال با حقوق مدنی، ناشی از این مطلب است که در حقوق مدنی نیز نوعی از خیانت در امانت وجود دارد که تفکیک آن از نوع کیفری آن حائز اهمیت است. دقت در مبانی این دو نوع از خیانت در امانت نشان می‌دهد که با وجود تشابهات بسیار بین این دو در خصوص موضوع و مبنای تحقق، در مورد رابطۀ امانی طرفین، رابطه علیت و نیز عنصر روانی آنها تفاوت های مهمی وجود دارد که درک این موارد برای تفکیک و جلوگیری از خلط مفاهیم بین آن دو لازم و ضروری است. بطورکلی می توان گقت که بین خیانت در امانت مدنی و کیفری رابطه عموم و خصوص مطلق وجود دارد؛ به طوری که هر خیانت در امانت کیفری، خیانت در امانت مدنی نیز هست؛ ولی بسیاری از خیانت در امانت های مدنی واجد وصف کیفریِ خیانت در امانت نیستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A manifestation of the independence of financial crimes from civil law: the difference between treason in criminal and civil trust

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Mohammadkhani
  • Elyas Yari
Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]

The crime of betrayal of trust is one of the crimes that is closely related to civil law. In addition to the general connection between crimes against property and civil law, this is due to the fact that there is a type of betrayal of trust in civil law. Carefulness in the these two types of betrayal of trust shows that despite the many similarities between the two regarding the subject and the basis of realization, there are important differences regarding the fiduciary relationship of the parties, the causation and also their mental element, which the understanding of this It is necessary and necessary to separate and prevent the confusion of concepts between the two. In general, it can be said that every betrayal of criminal trust is also betrayal of civil trust; But many betrayals in civil trusts do not qualify for the criminal description of betrayal of trust.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Criminal breach of trust
  • civil breach of trust
  • causation
  • mental element
  • independence of criminal law

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