تحلیل معیارهای تفکیک جرائم قابل گذشت و غیر قابل گذشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان، لاهیجان، ایران.

2 دکتری حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی

3 استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بندر انزلی، بندر انزلی، ایران

4 استادیار الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان، لاهیجان، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از موضوعات مهم حقوق کیفری، تفکیک جرائم به قابل گذشت و غیر قابل گذشت است. اهمیت این موضوع از آن جهت است که این تفکیک واجد آثار بسیار مهمی نسبت به حقوق جامعه و شهروندان بوده و در مواجهه با پدیدۀ مجرمانه، این دو حق را از یکدیگر تفکیک می­کند. به علاوه، این تفکیک بر حسب مقتضیات زمانی و مکانی و نیز سیاست­های کیفری جوامع مختلف متفاوت است. در حقوق کیفری ایران، موضوع تفکیک جرائم، یکی از چالشی‌ترین موضوعات نظام حقوقی ما بوده است. این تفکیک، در طول چهار دهه تقنینی، چهار مرتبه  دچار تغییر شده و با این وصف نیز جایگاه مطلوبی ندارد. این بی­ثباتی، ناشی از عدم توجه متولیان امر به معیارهای تفکیک جرائم و بعضاً تمسکِ غیراصولی به آنهاست. در این مقاله، ضمن بررسی معیارهای تفکیک جرایم، به تحلیل مبانی به‌کارگیری این معیارها و تأثیر آن نسبت به حقوق جامعه و شهروندان پرداخته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Criteria for Distinguishing Pardonable and Unpardonable Crimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Vahedipour-Dahraie 1
  • Mohammad Reza Nazarinezad 2
  • Janahmad Aghaie 3
  • Abbas Taghvaie 4
1 PH D student of Criminal Law and Criminology, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan branch, Lahijan, Iran.
2 PhD in Criminal Law and Criminology
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Anzali Branch, Bandar Anzali, Iran
4 Assistant Professor of Theology and Islamic Studies, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, Lahijan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The distinction between pardonable and unpardonable crimes is an important issue in criminal law. This separation significantly affects the rights of society and citizens. This creates tension, as upholding one's rights may come at the expense of another. Moreover, this distinction varies across time, place, and philosophies of criminal justice. Fundamentally, clear and consistently applied criteria are essential for a fair and effective legal system. Iran's legal system, especially in the post-revolution era, exemplifies this challenge. Segregation of crimes has undergone many changes in the last four decades but remains unstable. This instability is caused by the continuous non-application of standards or, in some cases, complete disregard for them. In this article, we examine the criteria used to distinguish between pardonable and unpardonable crimes, analyze their justification, and examine their impact on the rights of society and individuals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forgiveness
  • Satisfaction
  • The General Aspect of the Crime
  • Significance of the Crime
  • Degree of Punishment
  • Severity of Harmful Results
  • Interests of the Victim

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پژوهشنامه حقوق کیفری
دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30
مقالات
دی 1403
صفحه 191-206

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