تحلیل بزه‌دیده‌شناختی بزه‌دیدگی بی‌خانمانان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دوره دکتری حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی. تهران، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه بی‌خانمانی به‌عنوان یک آسیب اجتماعی و چالش جدّی در کشورهای مختلف از جمله ایران مطرح است. عوامل ساختاری نظیر مسائل اقتصادی، اشتغال و مسکن و عوامل غیرساختاری نظیر مسائل شخصی وخانوادگی در پیدایش بی‌خانمانی تأثیرگذار بوده و از عوامل ساختاری به عنوان علت اصلی پیدایش بی‌خانمانی یاد می‌شود. بر اساس شرایط ناشی از زندگی بی‌خانمانی، بی‌خانمانان قبل و حین تجربه زندگی بی‌خانمانی، درمعرض تهدیدهای بزه‌دیدگی قرار دارند. این مقاله با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی، در پی یافتن پاسخ‌های لازم به این سوال است که از منظر نظریه‌های ساختاری جرم‌شناسی و نظریه‌های بزه‌دیده‌شناسی، عوامل دخیل در بزه‌دیدگی بی‌خانمانان کدامند؟ یافته‌های مقاله حاکی از آن است که شرایط حاکم بر زندگی‌ بی‌خانمانان ناشی از تأثیر عوامل ساختاری و غیرساختاری در بزه‌دیدگی ایشان تأثیر مستقیم داشته و برخی ویژگی‌ها و جنبه‌های آسیب‌پذیرانه‌ی شخصی نظیر سن و جنسیت نیز در تشدید  احتمال بزه‌دیدگی بی‌خانمانان در دو مقطع قبل و حین بی خانمانی تأثیرگذار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Victimological analysis of homeless people victimization

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Bayat 1
  • Hossein gholami 2
1 Ph.D student of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabai University.Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, homelessness is considered as a social damage and a serious challenge in different countries, including Iran. In addition to to non-structural factors (personal-family) effective in its occurrence, structural factors (economy, employment and housing) have been identified as the main cause of homelessness.
Homeless people are exposed to threats of victimization before and during their homeless life. This article, with a descriptive-analytical method, while investigating the causes of homelessness, tries to investigate the factors involved in the victimization of homeless people from the perspective of structural theories of criminology and theories of victimology.
The findings of the article indicate that some personal characteristics and vulnerable aspects such as age and gender are effective in intensifying the possibility of victimization of homeless people in two stages before and during homelessness. Also, the possibility possibility of initial victimization and their delinquency-victimization due to the conditions and lifestyle, personal characteristics and there are daily needs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • homelessness
  • homeless people
  • victimology
  • criminology
  • social vulnerability
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