تعامل حقوق بین‌الملل بشردوستانه و حقوق بشر با تأکید بر رویه دادگاه‌های کیفری بین‌المللی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه آزاد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار دانشکده حقوق، دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه آزاد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

نقض‌های شدید حقوق بشردوستانه یکی از موارد صلاحیت موضوعی دادگاه‌های کیفری بین‌المللی است.­علی رغم عدم اشاره به حقوق بشر در اسناد حقوق بین­الملل بشردوستانه،اما در اساسنامه‌های دیوان‌های کیفری بین‌المللی با تأثیرات متعدد حقوق بشر و حقوق بین­الملل بشردوستانه بر یکدیگر مواجه می‌شویم.­پرسش اصلی در تحقیق حاضر که به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی صورت گرفته است، این است که با توجه به رویه دادگاه‌های کیفری بین­المللی، تأثیرگذاری متقابل حقوق بین­الملل بشردوستانه و حقوق بین‌الملل بشر چیست؟فرضیه تحقیق حاضر آن است که  قواعد حقوق بشر مانند حق بر دادرسی عادلانه برای مرتکبین جنایات بین­المللی،شاهدین و بزه­‌دیدگان و عدم مدنظر قرار­دادن مصونیت مقامات دولتی متهم در رسیدگی‌های کیفری بین­المللی رسوخ پیدا کرده است. از سوی دیگر،حقوق بشر و حقوق بشردوستانه در یک نقطه تحت‌عنوان انسانی بودن با یکدیگر تلاقی می­نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Mutual Influence of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights with an Emphasis on the Jurisprudence of International Criminal Tribunals

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Shiri 1
  • Hosseingholi Rostam zad 2
  • Sadegh Salimi 3
1 PhD Student in International Law, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University Central Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor in Law Department, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University Central Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University Central Branch, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Severe breaches of humanitarian law are one of the jurisdictional of  international criminal tribunals ratione materiae. On the other hand, although the four 1949 Geneva Conventions and their additional protocols do not explicitly refer to human rights because refer to the situation of armed conflicts, but in the statutes of the international criminal tribunals, whether the International Criminal Court or ICTY or ICTR, The multiple effects of human rights and international humanitarian law are dealt with each other. In cases such as Prosecutor v. Kronjlak (2002) in the International Criminal Court for the former Yugoslavia, the relationship between international humanitarian law and human rights has been pointed out. The main question that has been done in this research in a descriptive-analytical methodology , according to the practice of international criminal courts, what is the mutual influence of international humanitarian law and international human rights? The result of the current research is that the rules of human rights, such as the right to a fair trial for perpetrators of international crimes, witnesses and victims, and not considering the immunity of accused government have penetrated into officials in international criminal proceedings. On the other hand, human rights and international humanitarian law collide with each other in one point “ humanity “ .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • International Criminal Court
  • International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia
  • International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
  • Impact of human rights
  • Impact of humanitarian law
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